Eswatini (Swaziland)

Welcome to Eswatini (Swaziland)

Eswatini, formerly known as Swaziland until its official name change in 2018 by King Mswati III, is a small but captivating kingdom nestled in Southern Africa. Often described as “Africa in a nutshell,” this landlocked country is bordered by South Africa and Mozambique and is one of Africa’s last absolute monarchies. Despite its compact size—stretching about 175 km from north to south and 130 km from east to west—Eswatini offers an extraordinary blend of vibrant culture, stunning landscapes, and rich wildlife, making it a unique destination for travelers seeking an authentic African experience.

Eswatini’s diverse terrain ranges from the cool, misty mountains of the Highveld in the west to the sun-drenched savannahs of the Lowveld in the east. This variety provides breathtaking scenery, including rolling hills, deep river valleys, and expansive plains dotted with acacia trees. The country is home to 17 protected areas and several renowned wildlife reserves, such as Mkhaya Game Reserve and Hlane Royal National Park, where visitors can encounter endangered species like black rhinos and the Big Five in intimate safari settings. Culturally, Eswatini is a treasure trove. The kingdom’s traditions are deeply woven into daily life, highlighted by spectacular annual festivals such as the Umhlanga (Reed Dance) and the Incwala Kingship Ritual. These events showcase the country’s rich heritage with vibrant ceremonies, traditional music, and dance, offering travelers a rare glimpse into the Swazi people's enduring customs. The capital cities—Mbabane (administrative) and Lobamba (royal and legislative)—serve as cultural and political hubs, with Lobamba housing the royal family and national institutions.
Why Visit Eswatini’s?

1.

Cultural Immersion: Eswatini offers one of the most authentic cultural experiences in Africa. Its festivals, traditional crafts, and the warm hospitality of its people provide an enriching journey into the heart of Swazi heritage.

Reed Dance

2.

Wildlife and Nature Adventures: From thrilling safaris in pristine game reserves to hiking, biking, and canopy tours, Eswatini’s natural beauty and biodiversity cater to both wildlife enthusiasts and adventure seekers alike.

Mbabane, Eswatini

Planning Tips

Accommodation

Cuisine

Must Visit

Unique Activities

Travel Hacks

Planning Your Trip

Visa Information

Visitors to Eswatini generally require a visa unless they come from visa-exempt countries. Nationals from many countries, including most Southern African nations, the UK, the US, Canada, and EU member states, can enter Eswatini visa-free for stays ranging from 30 to 90 days. It is advisable to check the latest visa requirements with Eswatini’s consulates or official government sources before traveling, as policies can change.

Best Time to Visit

The ideal time to visit Eswatini is during the dry winter months from May to September. During this period, the weather is cooler and wildlife is easier to spot as animals gather around waterholes. The summer months (October to April) bring warmer temperatures and occasional rains, which transform the landscape into lush greenery but can make some roads less accessible. Additionally, timing your visit to coincide with major cultural festivals like the Umhlanga (usually in August or September) or the Incwala (around December or January) offers an unforgettable experience.

Getting To and Around

Getting to Eswatini

Eswatini is accessible by air and road. The primary airport is King Mswati III International Airport, located near the town of Manzini, which receives flights mainly from Johannesburg, South Africa. Many travelers also enter Eswatini by road from South Africa or Mozambique, with well-maintained border posts facilitating easy crossing. The country’s proximity to major South African cities makes it a convenient addition to a Southern African itinerary.

Getting Around

Travel within Eswatini is best done by car, as public transport options are limited. Renting a vehicle provides flexibility to explore the varied landscapes and remote reserves at your own pace. Roads are generally in good condition, especially on main routes, but some rural areas may require a 4×4 vehicle. Guided tours and organized safari packages are also popular and recommended for those unfamiliar with the region or seeking expert insights into the country’s culture and wildlife.

Accommodation

Eswatini offers a wide range of accommodation options that cater to all types of travelers, from luxury seekers to budget-conscious adventurers. Despite its small size, the country boasts a variety of lodges, hotels, guesthouses, and eco-friendly retreats, many set amidst stunning natural landscapes, providing both comfort and an immersive experience.

Accommodation Options

Luxury and Mid-Range Lodges

For travelers seeking a blend of comfort and nature, lodges such as Mantenga Lodge and Nkonyeni Lodge & Golf Estate stand out. Mantenga Lodge is well-regarded for its spacious, comfortable rooms and excellent service, nestled in a natural setting with mountain views. It also features an outdoor restaurant serving traditional Swazi cuisine, making it a perfect base for exploring the surrounding wilderness. Nkonyeni Lodge offers cozy chalets and a 27-hole golf course, ideal for those who want to combine leisure with outdoor activities. Its restaurant is top-class, and the lodge is popular for both holidaymakers and business visitors.

Another notable option is the Wide Horizons Mountain Retreat, a secluded mountain getaway with breathtaking valley views. This retreat is praised for its peaceful atmosphere, clean facilities, and friendly staff. It offers private BBQ areas and access to hiking trails, though a high-clearance vehicle is recommended to reach the property.

Budget-Friendly and Guesthouses

Eswatini also has a good selection of affordable accommodations that do not compromise on cleanliness or hospitality. Mantenga Lodge doubles as a budget-friendly option with free breakfast and modest prices, making it a popular choice among travelers looking for value. Guesthouses like Asante Guest House in Manzini provide neat, tidy rooms with comfortable beds and a welcoming atmosphere, perfect for those who prefer a homely environment during their stay.

Other budget options include Happy Valley Hotel in Ezulwini, which offers spacious rooms and a buffet dinner, and Lidwala Lodge, known for its attractive setting and excellent staff, ideal for overnight stays or longer visits.

Unique and Eco-Friendly Stays

For eco-conscious travelers, Phophonyane Falls Ecolodge near Piggs Peak offers a smoke-free environment with outdoor pools, a restaurant, and multilingual staff. It is set in a natural environment that encourages relaxation and exploration of nearby waterfalls and hiking routes. Similarly, Khelekhele Lodge & Campsite provides a more rustic experience with picnic areas and barbecue grills, appealing to those who want to connect closely with nature while enjoying basic comforts.

Practical Tips for Accommodation

  • Many lodges and hotels include breakfast in their rates, which is a convenient way to start your day before exploring.
  • Booking in advance is advisable, especially during peak travel seasons and festival periods.
  • Renting a car is recommended to access more remote lodges and nature reserves comfortably.
  • Facilities like free WiFi, parking, and laundry services are commonly available in mid-range and luxury accommodations.

Food and Drinks

Eswatini’s culinary scene is a delightful reflection of its culture and natural resources, offering visitors a chance to savor traditional Swazi flavors alongside more contemporary dishes. Food in Eswatini is hearty, often featuring locally sourced ingredients such as maize, meat, vegetables, and fruits.

Traditional Swazi Cuisine

The staple food in Eswatini is sishwala, a thick porridge made from ground maize, similar to South African pap or Zimbabwean sadza. It is commonly served as a base for meals, accompanied by meat, vegetables, or beans. Meat plays a central role in Swazi cooking, with beef, goat, chicken, and game meats frequently grilled or stewed.

One popular traditional dish is sidvudvu, a pumpkin porridge often enjoyed with sishwala. Another is emasi, a fermented milk product similar to yogurt, which is a common accompaniment to meals. Visitors can also try incwancwa, a dish made from crushed maize kernels cooked with meat or vegetables.

 

 

Dining Experiences

Many lodges and hotels, such as Mantenga Lodge and Nkonyeni Lodge, offer restaurants that serve both traditional Swazi dishes and international cuisine, providing a comfortable dining setting with scenic views. These establishments often use fresh, local ingredients, giving travelers an authentic taste of Eswatini’s culinary heritage.

In towns like Mbabane and Manzini, you will find a mix of casual eateries, cafes, and more upscale restaurants. Street food is also popular, with vendors offering snacks such as grilled meats (braai), fried dough balls, and roasted corn.

Beverages

Eswatini produces its own beers, with Sibebe Lager being the most famous local brew, named after the iconic Sibebe Rock near Mbabane. This beer is a refreshing accompaniment to meals and widely available in bars and restaurants.

Non-alcoholic options include fresh fruit juices made from tropical fruits like mango, guava, and pineapple, as well as traditional herbal teas. Bottled water is recommended for travelers to stay hydrated, especially during the warmer months.

Tips for Food and Drink

  • Try to sample traditional dishes at local restaurants or during cultural events for an authentic experience.
  • If you have dietary restrictions, larger hotels and lodges usually offer a variety of international dishes to accommodate different needs.
  • Tap water is generally not recommended for drinking; bottled water is widely available.
  • The dining atmosphere in Eswatini is typically relaxed and friendly, with an emphasis on hospitality.

Must-See Attractions

Eswatini, a small but enchanting kingdom in Southern Africa, offers a wealth of attractions that blend natural beauty, rich culture, and fascinating history. Here are some of the top must-see destinations that capture the essence of this unique country.

  1. Swazi Cultural Village

The Swazi Cultural Village is a vibrant living museum where visitors can immerse themselves in traditional Swazi life. Here, you can witness authentic homesteads, traditional dances, and crafts, all guided by knowledgeable locals who share stories about Swazi customs and history. The village offers a captivating introduction to the kingdom’s heritage, making it a perfect starting point for cultural exploration.

  1. Mantenga Nature Reserve and Mantenga Falls

Mantenga Nature Reserve is a scenic sanctuary that combines wildlife viewing with cultural experiences. The reserve is home to several species such as nyala, duiker, and vervet monkeys, and features well-marked hiking trails winding through forests and grasslands. The highlight is Mantenga Falls, the largest waterfall in Eswatini by volume, where visitors can enjoy spectacular views and refreshing walks. The nearby Mantenga Cultural Village adds an extra layer of cultural insight.

  1. Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary

Mlilwane is Eswatini’s oldest and most accessible wildlife sanctuary. It offers a safe haven for a variety of animals including zebras, hippos, and a range of antelope species. The sanctuary is ideal for self-guided walking, mountain biking, and horseback safaris, allowing visitors to experience wildlife up close in a relaxed setting. The sanctuary’s rustic lodges and campsites make it a popular choice for nature lovers.

  1. Hlane Royal National Park

Hlane is the largest protected area in Eswatini and the best place to see the Big Five—lion, elephant, leopard, buffalo, and rhino—in their natural habitat. The park offers guided game drives and walking safaris, providing thrilling wildlife encounters. Hlane also has comfortable accommodations, including lodges and campsites, making it a prime destination for safari enthusiasts.

  1. Sibebe Rock

Sibebe Rock is one of the world’s largest exposed granite domes and a striking natural landmark near Mbabane. Hiking to the summit is a rewarding challenge that offers panoramic views of the surrounding valleys and mountains. The hike is moderately strenuous but well worth the effort for the breathtaking scenery and the chance to experience Eswatini’s rugged landscape.

  1. Malolotja Nature Reserve

Malolotja is a vast wilderness area known for its dramatic scenery, including deep gorges, waterfalls, and mountain peaks. It is a hotspot for outdoor activities such as hiking, birdwatching, and canopy tours. The reserve’s biodiversity and pristine environment make it a must-visit for adventurers and nature enthusiasts.

  1. Ngwenya Glass and Ngwenya Mine

Ngwenya Glass is a unique attraction where visitors can watch skilled artisans create beautiful glassware using traditional techniques. The adjacent Ngwenya Mine is the oldest known iron ore mine in the world, offering a fascinating glimpse into ancient mining practices and local history. Both sites provide cultural and educational experiences with opportunities to purchase handcrafted souvenirs.

  1. Nsangwini Rock Paintings

For those interested in archaeology and ancient art, the Nsangwini Rock Paintings are a remarkable site featuring Bushmen (San) rock art estimated to be thousands of years old. Accessible by a guided hike, these paintings offer insight into the spiritual and daily lives of Eswatini’s earliest inhabitants.

  1. Sheba’s Breasts and Execution Rock

Located in the Ezulwini Valley, these two iconic mountains provide excellent hiking opportunities and stunning views. Sheba’s Breasts consists of twin peaks with trails that lead to panoramic overlooks, while Execution Rock is historically significant as a site of ancient royal graves and Bushmen habitation. Both are popular for adventurous visitors seeking a mix of nature and history.

Must-Do Activities

Beyond sightseeing, Eswatini offers a variety of engaging activities that allow travelers to actively experience the country’s culture, wildlife, and landscapes.

  1. Cultural Tours and Festivals

Participating in a cultural tour is a fantastic way to delve deeper into Swazi traditions. Tours often include visits to craft centers, candle-making workshops, and traditional homesteads. Timing your trip to coincide with major festivals like the Umhlanga Reed Dance or the Incwala Ceremony offers an unforgettable opportunity to witness vibrant traditional dances, music, and rituals that celebrate Swazi identity.

  1. Safari and Wildlife Viewing

Eswatini’s numerous game reserves and national parks provide excellent safari experiences. Whether on a guided game drive in Hlane Royal National Park or a self-guided walking safari in Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary, visitors can see a variety of animals, including rare and endangered species. Birdwatchers will also find a rich diversity of species across the country’s protected areas.

  1. Hiking and Nature Walks

The country’s varied terrain invites hiking enthusiasts to explore its mountains, valleys, and waterfalls. Trails at Malolotja Nature Reserve, Mantenga Nature Reserve, and Sibebe Rock offer different levels of difficulty and spectacular natural beauty. Guided hikes to Nsangwini Rock Paintings or around Phophonyane Falls provide both exercise and cultural enrichment.

  1. Mountain Biking

Mlilwane Wildlife Sanctuary is renowned for its well-maintained mountain biking trails that traverse open savannahs and forested areas. This activity allows visitors to experience wildlife and scenery at an active pace and is suitable for riders of various skill levels.

  1. Horseback Safaris

For a unique perspective on Eswatini’s wildlife, horseback safaris are available in places like Mlilwane Sanctuary. Riding alongside zebras, antelope, and other animals offers an intimate and peaceful way to connect with nature.

  1. Shopping for Local Crafts

Eswatini is famous for its vibrant arts and crafts scene. Visiting craft markets and centers, such as the Mantenga Craft Center or the Swazi Candles factory, allows travelers to purchase handmade items including wood carvings, woven baskets, traditional candles, and glassware. These make meaningful souvenirs and support local artisans.

  1. Visiting Historical Sites

Exploring historical landmarks like the King Sobhuza II Memorial Park or the Ngwenya Mine enriches understanding of Eswatini’s past. These sites provide context to the kingdom’s development and its people’s resilience.

  1. Birdwatching

With over 500 bird species recorded, Eswatini is a paradise for birdwatchers. Reserves such as Malolotja and Mlilwane offer excellent opportunities to spot rare and endemic birds in their natural habitats.

  1. Relaxing at Eco-Lodges and Nature Retreats

For those seeking tranquility, eco-lodges like Phophonyane Falls EcoLodge provide serene settings surrounded by nature. Guests can enjoy swimming in natural rock pools, spa treatments, and peaceful walks, making it a perfect way to unwind after active days.

Travel Tips

Traveling to Eswatini in 2025 promises a rich cultural experience set against stunning natural landscapes. To ensure a smooth and enjoyable visit, it is essential to be well-prepared with practical travel tips, a clear understanding of local customs, and some basic language knowledge. This guide provides comprehensive advice to help you navigate Eswatini safely and respectfully.

Safety Advice

Eswatini is generally considered a safe destination compared to many other African countries, but like any travel location, it requires vigilance and common sense to avoid risks.

  1. General Safety and Crime

Petty crime such as pickpocketing, bag snatching, and theft is common, especially in urban centers like Mbabane and Manzini, as well as busy markets. Violent crime, while less frequent, can occur. Visitors should avoid walking alone, particularly after dark, and be cautious in crowded places where thieves may operate. It is advisable to carry only essential cash and valuables and keep them concealed. Avoid flashing expensive jewelry, cameras, or smartphones in public.

  1. Nighttime Precautions

Safety risks increase significantly at night, especially in poorly lit areas and rural regions. Avoid walking alone after dark and opt for taxis or arranged transport instead. When parking vehicles, choose well-lit, secure areas. Many roads lack street lighting, and fog or storms can reduce visibility, particularly near Mbabane and the South African border.

  1. Road and Transport Safety

Road conditions vary widely. Main highways between major towns like Mbabane and Manzini are generally in good condition, but secondary roads are often dirt tracks with hazards such as roaming livestock, unlit trailers, and reckless drivers. Drunk driving and speeding are common issues. Visitors driving themselves should exercise extreme caution, always wear seat belts, and avoid driving at night.

Public transport, especially mini-bus taxis known locally as “khumbis,” is considered risky due to poor safety standards, overcrowding, and reckless driving. Use taxis recommended by your accommodation or reputable tour operators instead.

  1. Political and Social Stability

Eswatini is an absolute monarchy with occasional political demonstrations. Travelers should avoid all protests, demonstrations, and large gatherings, as these can escalate unexpectedly. Monitoring local news and government advisories is recommended to stay informed about any civil unrest.

  1. Health and Medical Emergencies

Eswatini has a high HIV/AIDS prevalence rate, so practicing safe sex and using protection is essential. Medical facilities exist but may be limited outside major towns. Travel insurance covering medical evacuation is highly recommended. Emergency services can be reached by dialing 999.

  1. Scam Awareness

Be cautious of scams, such as being offered free drinks or unsolicited help, which can be used as distractions for theft. Always negotiate prices upfront and double-check change when making purchases.

Local Customs

Understanding and respecting Eswatini’s customs enhances your travel experience and helps build positive interactions with locals.

  1. Respect for the Monarchy

The monarchy is central to Eswatini’s identity. King Mswati III and the royal family are deeply revered, and criticism or disrespect towards them is taken very seriously. Avoid political discussions or negative comments about the royal family to prevent misunderstandings or legal trouble.

  1. Dress Code and Behavior

Eswatini is relatively conservative. When visiting rural areas or traditional homesteads, dress modestly—covering shoulders and knees is advisable. Swazi people are warm and hospitable, so polite greetings and respectful behavior go a long way.

  1. Greetings and Social Etiquette

A common greeting is a handshake, often accompanied by a slight bow or nod. When meeting elders or traditional leaders, it is respectful to address them formally. Avoid interrupting conversations and listen attentively.

  1. Festivals and Cultural Events

If attending cultural events such as the Umhlanga Reed Dance or Incwala Ceremony, follow the guidance of event organizers and respect local customs. Photography may be restricted in certain areas or during sacred rituals.

  1. Tipping

Tipping is appreciated but not mandatory. In restaurants and for guides or drivers, a tip of around 10% is customary if service is good.

Language Basics

Eswatini has two official languages: siSwati and English. English is widely spoken, especially in urban areas, government, and tourism sectors, making communication relatively easy for English-speaking travelers. However, learning a few basic siSwati phrases can enrich your interactions and show respect for local culture.

Common siSwati Phrases:

  • Sawubona (sah-woo-BOH-nah) – Hello (to one person)
  • Sanibonani (sah-nee-boh-NAH-nee) – Hello (to multiple people)
  • Ngiyabonga (ngee-yah-BOHN-gah) – Thank you
  • Yebo (YEH-boh) – Yes
  • Cha (chah) – No
  • Uphi…? (oo-PEE) – Where is…?
  • Ngicela… (ngee-CHEH-lah) – Please (used when requesting something)
  • Hamba kahle (HAHM-bah KAH-shleh) – Goodbye (to someone leaving)
  • Sala kahle (SAH-lah KAH-shleh) – Goodbye (to someone staying)

Using these phrases, even just greetings and thank you, is appreciated and can open doors to friendlier exchanges.

Final Tips for a Smooth Journey

Additional Practical Tips

  • Currency: The currency is the Swazi lilangeni (SZL), which is pegged to the South African rand (ZAR). Both currencies are accepted interchangeably in Eswatini.
  • Electricity: The standard voltage is 230V, 50Hz, and the plug type is the British three-pin plug (Type M). Carry an adapter if needed.
  • Water: Tap water is generally not safe to drink. Use bottled water for drinking and brushing teeth.
  • Mobile Connectivity: Mobile networks are available, with good coverage in urban and many rural areas. Purchasing a local SIM card is easy and affordable.
  • Respect Nature: When visiting parks and reserves, follow all safety guidelines, do not feed animals, and avoid littering.

Eswatini offers a warm welcome to travelers who come prepared with awareness and respect. By following safety precautions—avoiding walking alone at night, being cautious on roads, and securing valuables—you can enjoy a worry-free visit. Embracing local customs, showing respect for the monarchy and traditions, and learning basic siSwati phrases will deepen your connection with the people and culture. With these travel tips in mind, your 2025 journey to Eswatini will be safer, more enjoyable, and truly memorable.