Burundi
Welcome to Burundi
Burundi is a landlocked country bordered by Rwanda, Tanzania, and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Known for its rolling hills and pristine landscapes, it has earned the nickname "The Switzerland of Africa." The country’s geography is highlighted by the stunning Lake Tanganyika, one of the world's deepest freshwater lakes, and lush national parks like Kibira and Rusizi, which are havens for wildlife and nature lovers.
The capital city, Gitega, became the political center in 2019, replacing Bujumbura, which remains the economic hub and gateway for most visitors. Burundi’s culture is deeply rooted in tradition, with the Royal Drummers of Burundi recognized globally as a UNESCO cultural treasure. Despite a history marked by challenges, the country has made significant strides in peace and stability, welcoming tourists with open arms.
Why Visit Burundi?
1.
Rich Cultural Heritage
The country’s vibrant culture is showcased through traditional dances, storytelling, and music. The Royal Drummers and Intore Warrior Dancers provide mesmerizing performances that reveal Burundi’s historical and spiritual roots. Cultural sites like the Gishora Drum Sanctuary and the National Museum in Gitega offer deeper insights into the nation’s past and traditions.
2.
Warm and Welcoming People
Burundians are renowned for their hospitality. Visitors often find themselves warmly welcomed in local villages and markets, where they can engage in authentic cultural exchanges and experience daily life firsthand.
Planning Your Trip
Visa Information
Most visitors to Burundi must obtain a visa, but the process has been simplified with multiple options available:
- Visa on Arrival: Available at Melchior Ndadaye International Airport in Bujumbura and at land borders, allowing stays up to 30 days. This option is convenient but may involve waiting times.
- E-Visa: Travelers can apply online before arrival for a single-entry visa valid for up to 30 days. E-visas are processed within three to five days, offering a faster alternative to visas on arrival.
- Visa Exemptions: A few African countries enjoy visa-free entry for up to 90 days for tourism and non-economic activities. Diplomatic and service passport holders from selected countries may also enter without a visa for official duties.
Transit passengers with onward tickets must stay in the airport transit area unless they have a transit visa to exit.
Best Time to Visit
The ideal time to visit Burundi is during the dry season from June to September, when rainfall and humidity are at their lowest. This period offers comfortable temperatures, with September being the hottest month, reaching around 29°C. The dry season is perfect for outdoor activities like hiking, wildlife viewing, and exploring cultural sites.
The rainy season, which occurs from October to May, brings heavier rains and higher humidity, which may affect travel plans and accessibility to some natural areas.
Getting To and Around
Getting to Burundi
Burundi can be accessed by air or overland from neighboring countries:
- By Air: The main international gateway is Melchior Ndadaye International Airport in Bujumbura, with flights connecting from regional hubs.
- Overland: Travelers can enter Burundi from Rwanda, Tanzania, or the Democratic Republic of Congo. Border crossings are operational with visa-on-arrival facilities. Overland travel involves crossing at border posts and then taking local buses or taxis to destinations like Bujumbura. Bus services within Burundi are public and operate without fixed schedules, so flexibility is advised.
Getting Around
Within Burundi, transportation options include shared minibuses, taxis, and public buses. Roads can be challenging in some rural areas, so planning extra travel time is recommended. Many tours offer guided transportation, which is often the easiest way to explore the country’s diverse regions and attractions safely and comfortably.
Accommodation
Burundi offers a variety of accommodation options catering to different tastes and budgets, from luxury resorts to cozy guesthouses and affordable hotels. Most visitors find comfortable stays in the capital city, Bujumbura, and along the scenic shores of Lake Tanganyika.
Luxury and Upscale Hotels
For travelers seeking comfort and high-end amenities, several upscale hotels provide excellent service, modern facilities, and beautiful settings:
- Hotel Club du Lac Tanganyika: Situated on the shores of Lake Tanganyika, this four-star hotel boasts spacious rooms, a swimming pool, and a restaurant serving local and international cuisine. Its lakeside location offers stunning views and a relaxing atmosphere, making it a favorite for both leisure and business travelers.
- Roca Golf Hotel: A five-star property near the city center, ideal for business travelers and tourists who appreciate luxury. It features a pool, fitness center, conference rooms, and spacious rooms with elegant décor.
- Kiriri Garden Hotel: Located on a hill with panoramic views of Bujumbura, this five-star hotel offers a peaceful setting with a pool, restaurant, and fitness center. Guests praise its quality service and tranquil environment.
- Tanganyika Blue Bay Resort: A five-star lakeside resort known for its private beach, pool, and seafood restaurant. It is perfect for those looking for privacy and luxury away from the city bustle.
Mid-Range Hotels
There are many comfortable mid-range options that balance quality and affordability:
- Dolce Vita Resort Hotel: A boutique four-star hotel offering a quiet location, a pool, garden, and personalized service. It is well-suited for travelers seeking a calm retreat.
- Martha Hotel: Located in the heart of Bujumbura, this four-star hotel features modern design, a wellness center, and a restaurant with local specialties. It is praised for its cleanliness and friendly staff.
- Hotel Safari Gate: Known for its relaxing atmosphere by the lakeshore, this three-star hotel offers a pool, restaurant, and free Wi-Fi. It is popular for its good value and proximity to the beach.
- Urban Lodge: A charming three-star hotel in a quiet residential area, ideal for longer stays. It has a garden, private parking, and a homely atmosphere.
Budget and Guesthouses
For travelers on a tighter budget or those wanting to experience local hospitality, Burundi has several affordable guesthouses and smaller hotels:
- Goodlife Residence: Located in a quiet neighborhood, this guesthouse offers comfortable rooms and simple, delicious breakfasts. It is known for its helpful host and peaceful environment.
- Kinindo Light Hotel: Situated near the city center, it provides garden views, free parking, and a restaurant. It is a practical choice for budget-conscious travelers.
- Coccinelle Appartements: Offers basic accommodation with a garden and restaurant, suitable for travelers seeking a local experience.
- Maison d’Accueil – Fondation San Filippo Neri: This family-run guesthouse provides a welcoming atmosphere and is praised for its authentic local experience and reasonable prices.
- Urban Boutique Hotel: Modern apartments in the city center with kitchen facilities, ideal for longer stays and those wanting more independence.
Tips for Booking Accommodation
- Book early, especially during peak travel seasons (June to September), as popular hotels can fill up quickly.
- Consider staying near Lake Tanganyika for scenic views and easy access to water activities.
- Many hotels offer free Wi-Fi, airport transfers, and breakfast included, so check amenities before booking.
- For a more immersive experience, try guesthouses or boutique hotels where you can interact with locals.
Food and Drink
Burundi’s cuisine is a flavorful reflection of its agricultural heritage and cultural diversity. Food is simple, hearty, and often based on locally grown staples, with fresh ingredients and traditional cooking methods.
Staple Foods
- Ugali (Bugali): A thick maize porridge that is a staple across East Africa, ugali is commonly served as the base for meals. It is usually eaten with vegetables, beans, or meat stews.
- Beans and Cassava: Beans are a key protein source, often cooked in flavorful sauces. Cassava, a starchy root vegetable, is boiled or fried and served alongside other dishes.
- Rice and Plantains: Rice is widely consumed, sometimes cooked with coconut milk for extra flavor. Plantains are fried or boiled and served as a side dish or snack.
Popular Dishes
- Isombe: A dish made from cassava leaves cooked with peanut butter and sometimes fish or meat, offering a rich and creamy flavor.
- Brochettes: Skewers of grilled meat, typically goat or beef, seasoned and cooked over open flames, commonly enjoyed as street food or in restaurants.
- Mukeke: A type of fish from Lake Tanganyika, often grilled or fried and served with sides like rice or plantains.
- Ibiharage: Beans cooked with onions, tomatoes, and spices, a common accompaniment to many meals.
Street Food and Snacks
Street vendors offer tasty and affordable snacks such as fried bananas, roasted maize, samosas filled with meat or vegetables, and mandazi (fried doughnuts). These are perfect for quick bites while exploring markets or towns.
Beverages
- Urwagwa: A traditional banana beer brewed locally, slightly fermented and mildly alcoholic, often enjoyed during social gatherings.
- Tea and Coffee: Burundi produces high-quality Arabica coffee and tea, both widely consumed and available in cafes and restaurants.
- Fresh Juices: Tropical fruits like mango, pineapple, and passion fruit are blended into refreshing juices, popular in warmer months.
Dining Experiences
- Many hotels and resorts feature restaurants serving a mix of Burundian, regional, and international dishes.
- Local markets and small eateries provide authentic flavors and an opportunity to try homemade specialties.
- Dining out is generally affordable, with meals at local restaurants costing significantly less than in tourist hotspots elsewhere.
Tips for Food Travelers
- Try meals that include fresh fish from Lake Tanganyika for a unique taste of the region.
- Enjoy traditional dishes with locals to experience Burundi’s culinary culture firsthand.
- Drink bottled or purified water to avoid stomach issues.
- If you have dietary restrictions, communicate clearly, as many dishes contain staples like beans, maize, and peanuts.
Must-See Attractions
- Lake Tanganyika
One of the world’s oldest and deepest lakes, Lake Tanganyika is a spectacular natural wonder. Its crystal-clear waters and stunning shoreline provide a perfect setting for relaxation and exploration. Visitors can enjoy the tranquil beaches, especially Saga Beach, or take a boat cruise to admire the breathtaking sunsets. The lake is also a great spot for fishing, swimming, and observing unique aquatic life.
- Gishora Drum Sanctuary
A cultural treasure, the Gishora Drum Sanctuary is where visitors can immerse themselves in Burundi’s rich drumming heritage. This UNESCO-recognized tradition is central to Burundian identity. The sanctuary offers mesmerizing live performances by the Royal Drummers and opportunities to participate in drumming sessions, providing a hands-on cultural experience that connects you to the country’s royal past.
- Kibira National Park
This vast rainforest is a haven for nature lovers and wildlife enthusiasts. Kibira National Park is home to chimpanzees, baboons, and over 200 bird species. Guided hikes through the dense forest reveal stunning waterfalls and lush greenery. The park’s serene environment is perfect for birdwatching, trekking, and experiencing Burundi’s biodiversity up close.
- Rusizi National Park
Located along the Rusizi River, this national park offers excellent wildlife viewing, especially hippos, crocodiles, and a variety of exotic birds. Visitors can take boat safaris to observe these animals in their natural habitat. The park’s riverine landscape provides a peaceful and scenic backdrop for photography and wildlife enthusiasts.
- Karera Waterfalls
Nestled in a verdant valley, the Karera Waterfalls are a spectacular sight. The area features four main falls surrounded by lush vegetation, offering a perfect spot for hiking, swimming, and picnicking. The peacefulness and natural beauty of Karera make it an ideal escape for those looking to connect with nature.
- Mount Heha
As the highest peak in Burundi, Mount Heha stands at 2,864 meters and offers panoramic views of the surrounding highlands. Hiking to the summit is a rewarding challenge, especially for adventure seekers. The trek provides opportunities to see diverse flora and fauna and enjoy the fresh mountain air.
- Source of the Nile (Burundi)
Burundi is home to one of the sources of the legendary Nile River, located near Rutovu. This historical and geographical site is marked by a monument and surrounded by tranquil scenery. It’s a fascinating destination for those interested in the natural history of Africa’s great river.
- Bujumbura City
The lively economic capital of Burundi, Bujumbura, offers a mix of urban attractions and cultural experiences. Explore bustling markets, colonial architecture, and vibrant waterfront restaurants along Lake Tanganyika. Key sites include the Livingstone-Stanley Monument, which commemorates the famous explorers’ meeting, and the Regina Mundi Cathedral, a striking religious landmark.
- Ruvubu National Park
The largest national park in Burundi, Ruvubu spans over 500 square kilometers of savannah and riverine landscapes. It is home to hippos, buffalo, crocodiles, and numerous bird species. The park offers guided safaris and camping facilities, providing a more remote and tranquil wildlife experience.
- Kigwena Forest Reserve
This dense forest reserve near Rumonge is rich in wildlife, including monkeys, baboons, and colorful birds. Guided tours through Kigwena Forest reveal its ecological importance and beauty. It’s a great spot for nature walks and birdwatching.
- Gitega National Museum
Located in Burundi’s cultural capital, Gitega, this museum houses a fascinating collection of artifacts, relics, and traditional crafts that tell the story of Burundi’s history and heritage. The city itself offers a glimpse into local life and is a gateway to nearby cultural sites like the Gishora Drum Sanctuary.
Must-Do Activities
- Experience Traditional Drumming and Dance
Participate in or watch live performances of Burundi’s famous Royal Drummers and Intore dancers. These traditional arts are deeply symbolic and are often performed during festivals and ceremonies. Engaging with these performances offers insight into the country’s cultural soul.
- Hiking and Trekking
Burundi’s varied terrain makes it a fantastic destination for hiking. Popular trails include the ascent of Mount Heha for panoramic views and trekking through Kibira National Park’s rainforest to discover waterfalls and wildlife. The Karera Waterfalls hike is also a must for nature lovers.
- Boat Safaris on Rusizi River and Lake Tanganyika
Taking a boat safari on the Rusizi River offers a unique way to observe hippos, crocodiles, and birds. Similarly, boat cruises on Lake Tanganyika provide opportunities for fishing, swimming, and enjoying sunsets. These water-based activities combine relaxation with wildlife spotting.
- Wildlife Watching and Birding
Burundi’s national parks and reserves are excellent for spotting diverse wildlife. Rusizi and Ruvubu National Parks are known for their populations of hippos, crocodiles, antelopes, and numerous bird species. Birdwatchers can enjoy spotting endemic and migratory birds in Kibira and Kigwena forests.
- Exploring Markets and Local Cuisine in Bujumbura
Visit the vibrant markets of Bujumbura to sample local foods, buy handicrafts, and experience daily life. Don’t miss trying traditional dishes such as brochettes (grilled meat skewers), isombe (cassava leaves with peanut sauce), and fresh fish from Lake Tanganyika.
- Visit Historical and Cultural Sites
Explore monuments like the Livingstone-Stanley Monument and the Independence Monument in Bujumbura. In Gitega, visit the National Museum and the royal sites to deepen your understanding of Burundi’s history and traditions.
- Relax on the Beaches of Lake Tanganyika
Spend time on the sandy beaches such as Saga Beach, where you can swim, sunbathe, or enjoy a picnic. The lake’s calm waters and scenic surroundings make it a perfect spot for unwinding.
- Participate in Cultural Festivals
If your visit coincides with local festivals, take part in celebrations featuring music, dance, and traditional ceremonies. These events are vibrant displays of Burundi’s living culture and offer memorable experiences.
- Camping and Nature Immersion
For adventurous travelers, camping in parks like Ruvubu offers a chance to connect deeply with nature. Enjoy starry nights, morning bird calls, and the tranquility of Burundi’s wilderness.
- Visit Tea Plantations near Teza
The region around Teza is known for its extensive tea plantations. Touring these estates provides insight into one of Burundi’s key agricultural industries and offers scenic walks through green hills.
Travel Tips
Traveling to Burundi in 2025 offers an extraordinary opportunity to explore a country rich in culture and natural beauty, but it requires careful preparation and awareness. Understanding safety considerations, respecting local customs, and learning basic language skills will enhance your experience and help you navigate Burundi confidently.
Safety Advice
- Stay Vigilant and Avoid Night Travel
Security remains a concern in Burundi due to sporadic civil unrest, violent crime, and occasional political tensions. It is strongly advised to avoid traveling after dark anywhere in the country, including in the capital, Bujumbura. Road conditions worsen at night, and the risk of crime increases significantly after sunset. Stick to daytime travel for all road journeys and excursions. - Areas to Avoid
Certain provinces, such as Cibitoke and Bubanza near the Kibira National Park, are considered unsafe due to the presence of armed groups. Always check the latest travel advisories before your trip and avoid these regions. Additionally, be cautious near borders with the Democratic Republic of Congo and Rwanda, as security can be unpredictable. - Beware of Petty Crime and Scams
Pickpocketing, purse snatching, and muggings occur, especially in crowded markets and urban centers. Criminals sometimes operate in groups, including children. Keep your valuables, passports, and cash secure—use hotel safes when available and carry only photocopies of important documents when out and about. Avoid displaying expensive items like jewelry or cameras openly. - Kidnapping and Roadblocks
Kidnapping for ransom has been reported, so avoid isolated areas and do not travel alone. Frequent road checkpoints may involve harassment or demands for bribes, sometimes by unofficial actors impersonating security forces. Always carry identification but avoid showing your original passport unless absolutely necessary. Have copies ready and stay calm and respectful if stopped. - Use Trusted Transportation
Public transportation, including buses and motorbike taxis, is often unsafe due to poor vehicle maintenance and erratic driving. Avoid riding motorcycles and motorbike taxis. Opt for official taxis or arrange transportation through reputable tour operators or hotels. If you plan to drive, hire a licensed, experienced local driver rather than driving yourself, as road conditions are challenging and traffic laws are not always followed. - Road Safety
Burundi’s roads are frequently in poor condition, with potholes, landslides, and limited street lighting. Avoid driving at night and be cautious of pedestrians, animals, and other road hazards. Always wear seatbelts, sit in the back seat, and avoid using cell phones while in vehicles. Carry an International Driving Permit if you plan to drive and ensure your insurance covers international travel. - Health Precautions
Malaria is prevalent throughout Burundi, so take prescribed antimalarial medication before, during, and after your trip. Use insect repellent, wear long sleeves and pants, and sleep under mosquito nets. A Yellow Fever vaccination certificate is mandatory for entry. Stay updated on routine vaccinations and practice good hygiene to avoid waterborne and insect-borne illnesses. - Emergency Contacts and Medical Facilities
Medical facilities are limited outside major cities. In case of emergencies, contact local police (112) or the Red Cross (109). Travel insurance with medical evacuation coverage is highly recommended.
Local Customs
- Greetings and Respect
Burundians are warm and hospitable people who value politeness and respect. Greetings are important and usually involve a handshake accompanied by a smile. In rural areas, it is customary to greet elders first and use formal titles when addressing people. - Dress Modestly
Dress conservatively, especially in rural areas and places of worship. Women should avoid revealing clothing, and men should avoid shorts in formal or religious settings. Lightweight, breathable fabrics are ideal given the tropical climate. - Photography
Always ask permission before photographing people, especially in villages or during cultural ceremonies. Some sites or individuals may consider photography intrusive or disrespectful. - Social Interactions
Avoid discussing sensitive political topics or criticizing the government, as this can lead to misunderstandings or trouble. Refrain from public displays of affection, which are generally frowned upon. - Gift Giving
If invited to a local home, it is polite to bring a small gift such as fruit, sweets, or a souvenir from your country. Gifts are appreciated as a sign of respect and friendship. - Tipping
Tipping is not mandatory but appreciated in restaurants, hotels, and for guides or drivers. A small tip of 5-10% is customary if service is good.
Language Basics
Burundi’s official languages are Kirundi, French, and English, with Kirundi being the most widely spoken.
Key Kirundi Phrases:
- Hello: Bwakire buya or simply Bwakire
- Good morning: Mwaramutse
- Good evening: Mwiriwe
- Thank you: Urakoze (singular) / Murakoze (plural or formal)
- Please: Ndakwinginze
- Yes: Ego
- No: Oya
- How are you?: Amakuru yawe?
- I’m fine: Ni meza
- Excuse me / Sorry: Mbabarira
- Do you speak English?: Uvuga Icyongereza?
French is commonly used in business, education, and government, so knowing basic French phrases can be helpful, especially in urban areas.
Final Tips for a Smooth Journey
Practical Tips
- Currency: The Burundian Franc (BIF) is the local currency. ATMs are limited outside major cities, so carry sufficient cash in small denominations. Credit cards are rarely accepted.
- Electricity: Burundi uses 220V, 50Hz with European-style two-pin plugs. Carry an adapter if needed.
- Communication: Mobile phone coverage is available in cities and towns but may be spotty in rural areas. Purchasing a local SIM card is affordable and convenient.
- Water: Avoid drinking tap water. Use bottled or purified water for drinking and brushing teeth.
- Respect the Environment: Burundi’s natural beauty is fragile. Avoid littering and follow guidelines in national parks and reserves.
By following these travel tips—prioritizing safety, respecting local customs, and learning basic language skills—you will enjoy a richer, more rewarding experience in Burundi. This vibrant country, with its warm people and stunning landscapes, offers a unique adventure for those who travel thoughtfully and with respect.